[Linux] ps 輸出的 process state 意義
在 Linux 上常常用 ps 這個指令來看 process 的狀態，
有時會需要知道這個 process 目前的 state 是什麼，
一般簡單的會知道，像是 T 是代表暫停了，但還有很多其他的…
像是下面有一堆 S<s, S+ 有的沒的，到底是什麼意思？
testuser@localhost ~ $ ps aux USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 19360 1536 ? Ss Jan14 0:04 /sbin/init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Jan14 0:00 [kthreadd] root 60 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN Jan14 0:00 [ksmd] root 410 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D Jan14 0:21 [jbd2/dm-0-8] root 510 0.0 0.0 11272 1384 ? S<s Jan14 0:01 /sbin/udevd -d root 1708 0.0 0.0 93132 896 ? S<sl Jan14 0:03 auditd root 1738 0.0 0.0 257680 3012 ? Sl Jan14 0:07 /sbin/rsyslogd -i /var/run/syslogd.pid -c 5 dbus 1823 0.0 0.0 98332 2400 ? Ssl Jan14 0:13 dbus-daemon --system root 1835 0.0 0.0 93776 5252 ? Ssl Jan14 0:04 NetworkManager --pid-file=/var/run/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.pid root 2557 0.0 0.0 4064 548 tty2 Ss+ Jan14 0:00 /sbin/mingetty /dev/tty2 rtkit 2860 0.0 0.0 168456 1188 ? SNl Jan14 0:12 /usr/libexec/rtkit-daemon root 3013 0.0 0.0 11932 2280 ? S< Jan14 0:01 /sbin/udevd -d testuser 3790 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? Z 11:45 0:00 [python] <defunct> testuser 7372 0.0 0.0 115460 2120 pts/4 S+ Jan14 0:06 /usr/bin/expect -f /home/testuser/ssh_default.exp testuser 7549 0.0 0.0 110240 1120 pts/34 R+ 15:58 0:00 ps aux
其實查一下 man ps 就可以看到說明了，對照一下就很清楚囉～
D Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO)
R Running or runnable (on run queue)
S Interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)
T Stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced.
W paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel)
X dead (should never be seen)
Z Defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent.
For BSD formats and when the stat keyword is used, additional characters may be displayed:
< high-priority (not nice to other users)
N low-priority (nice to other users)
L has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)
s is a session leader
l is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)
+ is in the foreground process group
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