[Linux] 清除 Ubuntu 的 /boot 裡舊的 kernel 檔案
最近在 Ubuntu 上更新套件時，突然遇到了錯誤，
說 /boot 目錄滿了…
嗯～真怪了？我的分割區是系統預設值，用 df 看一下：
testuser@localhost:~$ df -h /boot
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 236M 221M 2.8M 99% /boot
居然真的是爆滿的狀態…
看一下 /boot 裡面有很多的 kernel 檔案，哪些可以砍掉呢？
參考資料：nixCraft: Safely Remove / Delete Old Linux Kernel from a Linux Server
1. 列出現有的 kernel 檔案
執行 dpkg —list ‘linux-image*’ 看一下現有的 kernel 檔案，
前面有 ii 的就是已經安裝的：
testuser@localhost:~$ dpkg --list 'linux-image*' Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold | Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad) ||/ Name Version Architecture Description +++-=================================-=====================-=====================-======================================================================== un linux-image <none> <none> (no description available) un linux-image-3.0 <none> <none> (no description available) rc linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-41-generic 3.16.0-41.57~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-43-generic 3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.16.0-45-generic 3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-gener 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-gener 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-36-gener 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-37-gener 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-38-gener 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.16.0-41-gener 3.16.0-41.57~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iF linux-image-extra-3.16.0-43-gener 3.16.0-43.58~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iF linux-image-extra-3.16.0-45-gener 3.16.0-45.60~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iU linux-image-generic-lts-utopic 3.16.0.45.36 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
2. 檢視現在的 kernel 版本
用 uname -a 就可以看到現在的 kernel 版本：
testuser@localhost:~$ uname -a Linux localhost 3.16.0-41-generic #57~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 18 18:01:13 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
3. 移除不需要的 kernel 檔案
因為我的 kernel 版本是 3.16.0-41-generic，因此其他的應該都可以刪除，
不過保險起見，我只刪除比 3.16.0-41-generic 舊的 kernel 檔案～
sudo apt-get remove linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic linux-image-3.16.0-37-generic linux-image-3.16.0-38-generic
接著再執行一下 apt-get autoremove 移除掉多餘的套件：
sudo apt-get autoremove
3. 檢查現在的目錄大小
再用 df 看一次現在的目錄大小…
釋放了將近 120 MB 的大小，真是太好啦～
testuser@localhost:~$ df -h /boot
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 236M 100M 124M 45% /boot
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